Wiki source code of MySQL Installation

Version 77.1 by Thomas Mortagne on 2022/10/31

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1 {{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}}
2 {{toc/}}
3 {{/box}}
4
5 = Compatibility Considerations =
6
7 See [[Database support strategy>>dev:Community.DatabaseSupportStrategy]] for the supported versions.
8
9 == MyISAM storage engine ==
10
11 MyISAM (the default storage engine for MySQL until release 5.5.5 in 2010) does not support transactions. If there is an error while data is being saved to the database, XWiki will attempt to roll back the transaction to its previous known good state. If you use MyISAM, it will do nothing, leaving the database in whatever state it was in when the error occurred.
12
13 {{warning}}
14 If you use MySQL with any engine that does not support transactions, you will most likely corrupt your database.** We highly recommend using a storage engine such as InnoDB which supports transactions.**
15 {{/warning}}
16
17 == MySQL versions older than 5.0 ==
18
19 XWiki does not fully work with MySQL versions 4.x or lower, due to several limitations of the way the SQL standards are implemented in MySQL, limited support for non-latin1 encodings, the flaky integration of Hibernate and MySQL 4, and other things. Most parts of the application work fine, but there are some parts that cannot be easily fixed, so if you must use MySQL 4.x, you're doing it on your own. MySQL 4 is pretty old and buggy, so we recommend upgrading.
20
21 == MySQL versions older than 5.7 and utf8mb4 ==
22
23 If you use utf8mb4 encoding, you won't be able to use a version of MySQL older than 5.7 out of the box because of a limitation in the default maximum size of the keys and the default row format.
24
25 == JDBC Driver Version ==
26
27 * It's recommended to use the latest version of the MySQL JDBC driver (8.x) if you're using MySQL 5.7+.
28 * If you're using XWiki < 13.3RC1, you should not use version 8.0.23 of the MySQL JDBC driver since it [[causes a problem with the Liquibase version used in XWiki>>https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-18515]].
29
30 = Installation Steps =
31
32 Follow these instructions:
33
34 * Download and install [[MySQL>>http://www.mysql.com/]] 5.7 or greater.
35 * Start the MySQL server. You can do that in several ways. For example use {{code language="shell"}}mysqld --console{{/code}}
36 * Create the wiki database. You can use the name you want for the database, but you will have to set the hibernate configuration file and ##xwiki.cfg## file accordingly.(((
37 You can create the database in several ways. For example use:
38
39 {{code language="shell"}}
40 mysql -u root -e "create database xwiki default character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin"
41 {{/code}}
42 )))
43 * Create the ##xwiki## user with password ##xwiki##(((
44 {{code language="shell"}}
45 mysql -u root -e "CREATE USER 'xwiki'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xwiki'";
46 {{/code}}
47 )))
48 * Give privileges to the ##xwiki## user for accessing and creating databases (for the multi wiki support). Specifically the ##xwiki## users needs permissions to be able to execute {{code language="sql"}}CREATE DATABASE{{/code}}, {{code language="sql"}}DROP SCHEMA{{/code}}, and then all CRUD operations on tables. Note that the command below should be tuned to be more restrictive as granting all permissions is not required:(((
49 {{code language="shell"}}
50 mysql -u root -e "grant all privileges on *.* to xwiki@localhost"
51 {{/code}}
52 )))
53 * If the above command fails with a password-does-not-meet-requirements error, uninstall the MySQL password_validate plugin or pick a more complex password and update the password used by default in ##hibernate.cfg.xml##:(((
54 {{code language="shell"}}
55 mysql -u root -p -e "uninstall plugin validate_password;"
56 {{/code}}
57 )))
58 * Please make sure that the DNS-name "localhost" is defined in your hosts-file (i.e. ##/etc/hosts##)
59 * You need to have the MySQL JDBC Driver JAR (named ##mysql-connector-java*.jar##) installed in XWiki's WAR file. If this file isn't present in XWiki's ##WEB-INF/lib## directory you'll need to download it and copy it there. You can download it from the [[MySQL Connector/J Driver page>>http://www.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/]] or directly from the [[Maven Central Repository>>https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/mysql/mysql-connector-java/]].(((
60 {{warning}}
61 You need the 5.x version or higher. The 3.x version doesn't handle Boolean data correctly and will either throw errors or will make all documents hidden by default.
62 {{/warning}}
63 )))
64 * Now you need to tell XWiki to use MySQL. To do this, edit the ##WEB-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml## file where you have expanded the XWiki WAR file and replace the matching properties with the following ones:(((
65 {{code language="xml"}}
66 <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/xwiki</property>
67 <property name="connection.username">xwiki</property>
68 <property name="connection.password">xwiki</property>
69 <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
70 <property name="connection.useUnicode">true</property>
71 <property name="connection.characterEncoding">UTF-8</property>
72 {{/code}}
73
74 {{info}}
75 * By default MySQL only accepts packets that are smaller than 1MB. If you get the "Packet for query is too large (max_allowed_packet)" error then see the [[Packet too large error page>>http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/packet-too-large.html]]. For example to increase the packet size to 32M you could start the MySQL server with {{code language='shell'}}mysqld --console --max_allowed_packet=32M{{/code}} or you can modify directly the ##my.cnf## configuration file to set this value permanently.
76 * If an empty XWiki starts with no errors, but you are unable to upload the default set of pages (XAR file) try to increase the ##max_allowed_packet## parameter as shown above.
77 {{/info}}
78 )))
79
80 = Indexes =
81
82 See [[Database Administration>>Documentation.AdminGuide.Performances.Database Administration.WebHome]].
83
84 {{code language="mysql"}}
85 // Required
86 create index xwl_value on xwikilargestrings (xwl_value(50));
87 create index xwd_parent on xwikidoc (xwd_parent(50));
88 create index xwd_class_xml on xwikidoc (xwd_class_xml(20));
89 create index xda_docid1 on xwikiattrecyclebin (xda_docid);
90 create index solr_iterate_all_documents on xwikidoc (XWD_WEB(500), XWD_NAME(253), XWD_LANGUAGE(5), XWD_VERSION(10));
91 // Only required if you use stats (feature is off by default)
92 create index xws_number on xwikistatsdoc (XWS_NUMBER);
93 create index xws_classname on xwikistatsdoc (XWS_CLASSNAME);
94 create index xwr_number on xwikistatsreferer (XWR_NUMBER);
95 create index xwr_classname on xwikistatsreferer (XWR_CLASSNAME);
96 create index xwr_referer on xwikistatsreferer (XWR_REFERER(50));
97 create index xwv_user_agent on xwikistatsvisit (XWV_USER_AGENT(255));
98 create index xwv_cookie on xwikistatsvisit (XWV_COOKIE(255));
99 create index xwv_classname on xwikistatsvisit (XWV_CLASSNAME);
100 create index xwv_number on xwikistatsvisit (XWV_NUMBER);
101 {{/code}}
102
103 {{info}}
104 Note to XWiki developers: The following indexes could be created automatically though since they're less than 255 characters and thus should be added in a future version of XWiki so that they don't need to be created manually:
105
106 {{code language="mysql"}}
107 create index xws_number on xwikistatsdoc (XWS_NUMBER);
108 create index xws_classname on xwikistatsdoc (XWS_CLASSNAME);
109 create index xwr_number on xwikistatsreferer (XWR_NUMBER);
110 create index xwr_classname on xwikistatsreferer (XWR_CLASSNAME);
111 create index xwv_classname on xwikistatsvisit (XWV_CLASSNAME);
112 create index xwv_number on xwikistatsvisit (XWV_NUMBER);
113 create index xda_docid1 on xwikiattrecyclebin (xda_docid);
114 {{/code}}
115 {{/info}}
116
117 = Tips =
118
119 == MySQL 8 ==
120
121 * If you're using MySQL 8+ you'll need to configure MySQL with native password: ##default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password##.
122 * You'll also be able to switch from ##com.mysql.jdbc.Driver## to ##com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver## JDBC driver (since the previous driver class is now deprecated).
123 * If you get the following error then you'll need to force the timezone to use either by setting it in:(((
124 * The MySQL conf file on the server
125 * In the XWiki ##hibernate.cfg.xml## file in the ##hibernate.connection.serverTimezone## property (e.g. ##<property name="hibernate.connection.serverTimezone">Europe/Berlin</property>##).
126 * In the XWiki ##hibernate.cfg.xml## file inside the JDBC URL string as in ##jdbc:mysql:~/~/localhost:3306/myschema?serverTimezone=UTC##
127
128 {{code language="none"}}
129 The server timezone value 'CDT' is unrecognized or represents more than one timezone. You must configure either the server or JDBC driver (via the serverTimezone configuration property) to use a more specifc timezone value if you want to utilize timezone support.
130 {{/code}}
131
132 For more details see [[this explanation post>>https://stackoverflow.com/a/54256150/153102]].
133 )))
134
135 == Convert a database to utf8mb4/utf8mb4_bin ==
136
137 {{code language="shell"}}
138 #!/bin/bash
139
140 db=xwiki
141 to_character_set=utf8mb4
142 to_collation=utf8mb4_bin
143
144 mysql_cmd="mysql -u root"
145
146 $mysql_cmd -e "ALTER DATABASE $db CHARACTER SET $to_character_set COLLATE $to_collation;"
147
148 TBL_LIST=$($mysql_cmd -N -s -r -e "use $db;show tables;")
149
150 echo "Temporarily disable all the foreign keys"
151
152 $MYSQL_COMMAND -e "SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;"
153 for tbl_name in $TBL_LIST;
154 do
155 $mysql_cmd -e "alter table $db.$tbl_name convert to character set $to_character_set collate $to_collation;"
156 done
157
158 echo "Turn foreign keys back on"
159
160 $MYSQL_COMMAND -e "SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;"
161
162 echo "Here the result of the operation:"
163 $mysql_cmd -e "USE $db;SELECT TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, COLLATION_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA=DATABASE();"
164 {{/code}}
165
166 {{info}}
167 In case the above script fails with "ERROR 1118 (42000) at line 1: Row size too large. The maximum row size for the used table type, not counting BLOBs, is 65535. This includes storage overhead, check the manual. You have to change some columns to TEXT or BLOBs
168 xwikistatsvisit", you can use the following SQL statements to change tables column types to LONGTEXT to be able to convert the tables to utf8mb4.
169 {{/info}}
170
171 {{code}}
172 ALTER TABLE activitystream_events MODIFY ase_url LONGTEXT, MODIFY ase_title LONGTEXT, MODIFY ase_body LONGTEXT, MODIFY ase_param1 LONGTEXT, MODIFY ase_param2 LONGTEXT, MODIFY ase_param3 LONGTEXT, MODIFY ase_param4 LONGTEXT, MODIFY ase_param5 LONGTEXT;
173 ALTER TABLE xwikistatsreferer MODIFY XWR_REFERER LONGTEXT;
174 ALTER TABLE xwikistatsvisit MODIFY XWV_USER_AGENT LONGTEXT, MODIFY XWV_COOKIE LONGTEXT;
175 ALTER TABLE xwikipreferences MODIFY XWP_LEFT_PANELS LONGTEXT, MODIFY XWP_RIGHT_PANELS LONGTEXT, MODIFY XWP_DOCUMENT_BUNDLES LONGTEXT;
176 {{/code}}
177
178 You can also look at [[this snippet to perform this conversion inside XWiki>>snippets:Extension.Migrate MySQL databases to utf8mb4]].
179
180 == Convert from MyISAM to InnoDB ==
181
182 {{code language="shell"}}
183 #!/bin/bash
184
185 MYSQL_COMMAND=mysql
186 TO_ENGINE=INNODB
187
188 DATABASES=$(mysql -N -s -r -e 'show databases'|grep -v ^information_schema$|grep -v ^mysql$)
189
190 for db in $DATABASES
191 do
192
193 echo "Working on database $db..."
194 echo ""
195
196 TABLES=$(mysql -N -s -r -e "show tables from $db;")
197
198 for tb in $TABLES
199 do
200
201 $MYSQL_COMMAND -e "ALTER TABLE $db.$tb ENGINE = $TO_ENGINE;"
202
203 done
204
205 $MYSQL_COMMAND -e "SELECT table_name,Engine,table_collation FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = DATABASE();"
206
207 echo ""
208 echo ""
209
210 done
211 {{/code}}
212
213 = Troubleshooting =
214
215 == Unable to login to MySQL Console ==
216
217 When running {{code language="shell"}}mysql -u root -e "create database xwiki default character set utf8mb4{{/code}} you may get a {{code}}ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'xwiki'@'localhost' (using password: YES){{/code}} error.
218 This means that you have a password set for the MySQL root user, but you are not specifying it in the console command. You must also use the //-p// parameter. Using this you will be prompted to enter the password and be allowed to login to the MySQL console and create the database.
219
220 == Can't create test file ==
221
222 When running ##mysqld ~-~-console## you may get the following (especially if you're on a Mac):
223
224 {{code language="none"}}
225 071111 17:20:53 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql-5.0.45-osx10.4-i686/data/Vincent.lower-test
226 071111 17:20:53 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql-5.0.45-osx10.4-i686/data/Vincent.lower-test
227 mysqld: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/mysql-5.0.45-osx10.4-i686/data/' (Errcode: 13)
228 071111 17:20:53 [ERROR] Aborting
229 {{/code}}
230
231 To start MySQL run the following command instead:
232
233 {{code}}
234 sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
235 {{/code}}
236
237 == Data Truncation Error ==
238
239 If you receive an Exception like the following while installing/upgrading XWiki, chances are that you are using an outdated version of MySQLConnectorJ.
240
241 {{code language="none"}}
242 Caused by: java.sql.BatchUpdateException: Data truncation: Out of
243 range value adjusted for column 'XWD_HIDDEN' at row 1
244 at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeBatch(PreparedStatement.java:894)
245 at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingStatement.executeBatch(DelegatingStatement.java:294)
246 at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingStatement.executeBatch(DelegatingStatement.java:294)
247 at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:48)
248 at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:246)
249 {{/code}}
250
251 On Linux, mysql-connector-java-3.x has proven **not** to work due to a bug in the handling of UTF-8 and lack of support for Boolean types.
252
253 Upgrading to the latest version of MySQLConnectorJ should solve such an error in most of the cases.
254
255 == HTTP 500 Error ==
256
257 {{code language="none"}}
258 HTTP Status 500 -
259
260 type Exception report
261
262 message
263
264 descriptionThe server encountered an internal error () that prevented it from fulfilling this request.
265
266 exception
267
268 javax.servlet.ServletException: com.xpn.xwiki.XWikiException: Error number 3 in 0: Could not initialize main XWiki context
269 Wrapped Exception: Error number 3001 in 3: Cannot load class com.xpn.xwiki.store.migration.hibernate.XWikiHibernateMigrationManager from param xwiki.store.migration.manager.class
270 Wrapped Exception: Error number 0 in 3: Exception while hibernate execute
271 Wrapped Exception: Could not create a DBCP pool. There is an error in the hibernate configuration file, please review it.
272
273 root cause
274
275 com.xpn.xwiki.XWikiException: Error number 3 in 0: Could not initialize main XWiki context
276 Wrapped Exception: Error number 3001 in 3: Cannot load class com.xpn.xwiki.store.migration.hibernate.XWikiHibernateMigrationManager from param xwiki.store.migration.manager.class
277 Wrapped Exception: Error number 0 in 3: Exception while hibernate execute
278 Wrapped Exception: Could not create a DBCP pool. There is an error in the hibernate configuration file, please review it.
279 {{/code}}
280
281 In this case, try to disable **skip-networking** in MySQL *.ini file. Thanks a lot //M Rawash// (see his comment below).
282
283 == Unknown database 'xwiki' ==
284
285 If you get the following error:
286
287 {{code language="none"}}
288 Caused by: class com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown database 'xwiki'
289 at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
290 at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
291 at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
292 at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
293 at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:408)
294 at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:383)
295 at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1062)
296 at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:4226)
297 at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:4158)
298 at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2615)
299 at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2776)
300 at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2834)
301 at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.setCatalog(ConnectionImpl.java:5456)
302 at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingConnection.setCatalog(DelegatingConnection.java:374)
303 at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingConnection.setCatalog(DelegatingConnection.java:374)
304 at org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDataSource$PoolGuardConnectionWrapper.setCatalog(PoolingDataSource.java:333)
305 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
306 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
307 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
308 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
309 at org.hibernate.jdbc.BorrowedConnectionProxy.invoke(BorrowedConnectionProxy.java:74)
310 at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy47.setCatalog(Unknown Source)
311 at com.xpn.xwiki.store.XWikiHibernateBaseStore.setDatabase(XWikiHibernateBaseStore.java:729)
312 at com.xpn.xwiki.store.XWikiHibernateBaseStore.beginTransaction(XWikiHibernateBaseStore.java:911)
313 at com.xpn.xwiki.store.XWikiHibernateBaseStore.beginTransaction(XWikiHibernateBaseStore.java:843)
314 at com.xpn.xwiki.store.XWikiHibernateStore.loadXWikiDoc(XWikiHibernateStore.java:830)
315 ...
316 {{/code}}
317
318 It means that XWiki could connect to your database but there's no ##xwiki## schema available there. This is the default name of the schema XWiki is looking for, for the main wiki database.
319
320 It probably means you've created a database named other than ##xwiki## (for example you might have created a database named ##abcd## and set the following connection URL in your ##hibernate.cfg## file: {{code language="none"}}<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/abcd</property>{{/code}}).
321
322 If this is the case [[you need to tell XWiki that you're using a different schema by setting the ##xwiki.db## configuration property>>platform:AdminGuide.Configuration#HConfigurethenamesofdatabaseschemas]].
323
324 == MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Row size too large (> 8126) ==
325
326 if you get the following error:
327
328 {{code language="none"}}
329 MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Row size too large (> 8126).
330 Changing some columns to TEXT or BLOB or using ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC or ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED may help.
331 In current row format, BLOB prefix of 768 bytes is stored inline.
332 {{/code}}
333
334 When you are using a MySQL Server 5.6.20 you can get a "row size too large error."
335 In the release notes, it is explained that a innodb_log_file_size which is too small will trigger a "Row size too large error."
336
337 You can solve the problem by changing the innodb_log_file_size in the my.ini text file.
338 Find more details in the link below.
339 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.6/en/news-5-6-20.html

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