Wiki source code of Oracle Installation
Version 35.1 by Vincent Massol on 2022/09/07
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| author | version | line-number | content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | {{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}} | ||
| 2 | {{toc/}} | ||
| 3 | {{/box}} | ||
| 4 | |||
| 5 | = Installation steps = | ||
| 6 | |||
| 7 | == Local install == | ||
| 8 | |||
| 9 | * Download and install a version of Oracle Database. For example [[Oracle Express or Oracle Standard Edition>>https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/]]. | ||
| 10 | * Download the corresponding [[Oracle JDBC Drivers>>https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/application-development/jdbc/downloads/index.html]] and copy the JAR (e.g. ##ojdbc8.jar## in ##WEB-INF/lib/##) | ||
| 11 | * Start Oracle and connect to it with a DBA or system user. For example use the Oracle SQL*Plus command-line tool: {{code}}connect system;{{/code}} | ||
| 12 | * Create the user for the main wiki:((( | ||
| 13 | {{code language="sql"}} | ||
| 14 | create user xwiki | ||
| 15 | identified by xwiki; | ||
| 16 | {{/code}} | ||
| 17 | ))) | ||
| 18 | * (Optional) Create a tablespace (files to hold database data). This is optional as Oracle provides a default ##USERS## tablespace which is used when you create a user as above without specifying a tablespace:((( | ||
| 19 | * List existing tablespaces:((( | ||
| 20 | {{code language="sql"}} | ||
| 21 | select * from dba_data_files; | ||
| 22 | {{/code}} | ||
| 23 | ))) | ||
| 24 | * Create an ##xwiki## tablespace (adjust the `datafile` path by checking from the listed existing tablespaces), giving it enough space, and then make sure that the ##XWIKI## user uses it:((( | ||
| 25 | * Create the custom tablespace:((( | ||
| 26 | {{code language="sql"}} | ||
| 27 | create tablespace xwiki | ||
| 28 | datafile '/opt/<SOMETHING>/oracle/oradata/<SID>/<PDB>/xwiki01.dbf' | ||
| 29 | size 1m | ||
| 30 | autoextend on | ||
| 31 | maxsize 1g | ||
| 32 | ; | ||
| 33 | {{/code}} | ||
| 34 | ))) | ||
| 35 | * Modify the ##XWIKI## user to use it, and make sure it has quotas on it (by default it doesn't):((( | ||
| 36 | {{code language="sql"}} | ||
| 37 | alter user xwiki | ||
| 38 | default tablespace xwiki | ||
| 39 | temporary tablespace temp | ||
| 40 | ; | ||
| 41 | alter user xwiki quota unlimited on xwiki | ||
| 42 | ; | ||
| 43 | {{/code}} | ||
| 44 | ))) | ||
| 45 | ))) | ||
| 46 | * If you use the default ##USERS## tablespace you may still want to make it large enough. For example:((( | ||
| 47 | {{code language="sql"}} | ||
| 48 | alter database datafile '/opt/<SOMETHING>/oradata/<SID>/<PDB>/users01.dbf' resize 100M; | ||
| 49 | {{/code}} | ||
| 50 | ))) | ||
| 51 | ))) | ||
| 52 | * Give sufficient privileges to the ##xwiki## user:((( | ||
| 53 | {{code language="sql"}} | ||
| 54 | grant create session to xwiki; | ||
| 55 | grant resource to xwiki; | ||
| 56 | grant dba to xwiki; | ||
| 57 | {{/code}} | ||
| 58 | ))) | ||
| 59 | * Tell XWiki to use Oracle. To do this, edit the ##WEB-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml## file where you have expanded the XWiki WAR file and uncommented the Oracle part. Make sure to review the ##connection.url## property. For example a typical Oracle Express would be:{{code}}<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:<SID></property>{{/code}}((( | ||
| 60 | {{info}} | ||
| 61 | **XE** is the default name of the ORACLE SID created by default by the installation for Oracle Express. If it is another you should change it. You can find the correct SID in ##app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/NETWORK/ADMIN/tnsnames.ora## in the Oracle installation directory (for Windows). | ||
| 62 | {{/info}} | ||
| 63 | ))) | ||
| 64 | |||
| 65 | == From a VM == | ||
| 66 | |||
| 67 | An easy to test Oracle is to use a VM. Here are some easy steps: | ||
| 68 | |||
| 69 | * [[Download the VM from the Oracle web site>>http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/databaseappdev-vm-161299.html]] | ||
| 70 | * Install [[VirtualBox>>https://www.virtualbox.org/]] and import the VM in it | ||
| 71 | * Note: I had to configure the VM network settings to use the "Bridged Adapter" instead of "NAT" in order to be able see it from my host machine | ||
| 72 | * Start the VM and log in as ##oracle##/##oracle## | ||
| 73 | * Note that IP address printed in the shell that opens up, for example: 192.168.0.49 | ||
| 74 | * In the shell, starts the manager: ##emctl start dbconsole## | ||
| 75 | * Execute all the instructions above in the shell to create the ##xwiki## database (don't forget to download the JDBC driver and put it in ##WEB-INF/lib##). Tip: Put the following in a file (for example ##xwiki.sql## located on the Desktop) and execute {{code}}echo @Desktop/xwiki.sql | sqlplus system/oracle@orcl{{/code}}:((( | ||
| 76 | {{code language="sql"}} | ||
| 77 | drop user xwiki cascade; | ||
| 78 | create user xwiki identified by xwiki; | ||
| 79 | select * from dba_data_files; | ||
| 80 | create tablespace xwiki datafile '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xwiki01.dbf' size 1m autoextend on maxsize 1g; | ||
| 81 | alter user xwiki default tablespace xwiki temporary tablespace temp; | ||
| 82 | alter user xwiki quota unlimited on xwiki; | ||
| 83 | grant create session to xwiki; | ||
| 84 | grant resource to xwiki; | ||
| 85 | grant dba to xwiki; | ||
| 86 | {{/code}} | ||
| 87 | ))) | ||
| 88 | * From your host machine, point your browser on http:~/~/192.168.0.49:1158/em and connect as ##system/oracle## | ||
| 89 | * In your XWiki's ##hibernate.cfg.xml##, use:((( | ||
| 90 | {{code language="xml"}} | ||
| 91 | <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.49:1521:orcl</property> | ||
| 92 | {{/code}} | ||
| 93 | ))) | ||
| 94 | * Don't forget to drop the Oracle JDBC driver in your ##WEB-INF/lib## directory! | ||
| 95 | * Enjoy ;) | ||
| 96 | |||
| 97 | == Using Docker == | ||
| 98 | |||
| 99 | Follow these steps: | ||
| 100 | |||
| 101 | * Start Oracle: {{code language="none"}}docker run --name oracle-xwiki -d -p 1521:1521 -v [<host mount point>:]/opt/oracle/oradata xwiki/oracle-database:19.3.0-se2{{/code}} | ||
| 102 | * Download the corresponding [[JDBC driver>>https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/oracle/ojdbc/ojdbc8/]] and put it in XWiki's ##WEB-INF/lib## directory | ||
| 103 | * Edit XWiki's ##hibernate.cfg.xml## file, comment out the Oracle section and make sure you use the following settings:((( | ||
| 104 | {{code language="xml"}} | ||
| 105 | <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521/xwiki</property> | ||
| 106 | <property name="hibernate.connection.username">xwiki</property> | ||
| 107 | <property name="hibernate.connection.password">xwiki</property> | ||
| 108 | {{/code}} | ||
| 109 | ))) | ||
| 110 | |||
| 111 | And if you need to execute some SQL command you can do the following: | ||
| 112 | |||
| 113 | * Connect inside the docker container with: {{code language="shell"}}docker -it exec <container id> bash -l{{/code}} | ||
| 114 | * Run ##sqplplus## with one of: | ||
| 115 | ** {{code language="sql"}}sqlplus system/xwiki@//localhost:1521/XWIKI{{/code}} to execute commands in the XWiki PDB | ||
| 116 | ** {{code language="sql"}}sqlplus sys/xwiki@//localhost:1521/XWIKICDB as sysdba{{/code}} if you need to execute commands in the CDB | ||
| 117 | |||
| 118 | {{info}} | ||
| 119 | You can check [[how the XWiki Oracle docker image is built>>https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-docker-build/tree/master/build-oracle]]. | ||
| 120 | {{/info}} | ||
| 121 | |||
| 122 | = Multi wiki support = | ||
| 123 | |||
| 124 | {{version since="12.8RC1"}} | ||
| 125 | When creating a (sub)wiki, XWiki will create a new Oracle user using the equivalent of: | ||
| 126 | |||
| 127 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 128 | CREATE USER <wikiId> IDENTIFIED BY <wikiId> QUOTA UNLIMITED ON USERS; | ||
| 129 | GRANT RESOURCE TO <wikiId>; | ||
| 130 | {{/code}} | ||
| 131 | |||
| 132 | Notes: | ||
| 133 | * The default ##USERS## tablespace is used. Thus make sure that this tablespace is large enough. You may need to execute:((( | ||
| 134 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 135 | alter database datafile '/opt/<SOMETHING>/oradata/<SID>/<PDB>/users01.dbf' resize 100M; | ||
| 136 | {{/code}} | ||
| 137 | ))) | ||
| 138 | {{/version}} | ||
| 139 | |||
| 140 | = Indexes = | ||
| 141 | |||
| 142 | See [[Database Administration>>Documentation.AdminGuide.Performances.Database Administration.WebHome]]. | ||
| 143 | |||
| 144 | {{code}} | ||
| 145 | CREATE INDEX XWLS_VALUE ON XWIKILARGESTRINGS (XWL_VALUE) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 146 | create index xwd_parent on xwikidoc (xwd_parent) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 147 | create index xwd_class_xml on xwikidoc (xwd_class_xml) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 148 | create index xda_docid1 on xwikiattrecyclebin (xda_docid); | ||
| 149 | create index ase_page_date on activitystream_events (ase_page, ase_date); | ||
| 150 | create index ase_param1 on activitystream_events (ase_param1) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 151 | create index ase_param2 on activitystream_events (ase_param2) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 152 | create index ase_param3 on activitystream_events (ase_param3) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 153 | create index ase_param4 on activitystream_events (ase_param4) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 154 | create index ase_param5 on activitystream_events (ase_param5) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT PARAMETERS('SYNC (ON COMMIT)'); | ||
| 155 | create index solr_iterate_all_documents on xwikidoc (XWD_WEB, XWD_NAME, XWD_LANGUAGE, XWD_VERSION); | ||
| 156 | {{/code}} | ||
| 157 | |||
| 158 | = Permissions = | ||
| 159 | |||
| 160 | In the instructions above, the DBA role is given to the xwiki user for simplicity. However, that could be a security risk in your environment and you might want to reduce the permissions given to the xwiki user. Here's a minimal list of rights needed by the xwiki user: | ||
| 161 | |||
| 162 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 163 | -- Common operations | ||
| 164 | grant create session to xwiki -- Login to DB; | ||
| 165 | grant resource to xwiki -- Create tables, sequences, etc; | ||
| 166 | grant select any table to xwiki; -- Needed to get XWiki DB versions for schema upgrade checks | ||
| 167 | |||
| 168 | -- Subwiki creation | ||
| 169 | -- Note: creating a subwiki executes the migration step, see below | ||
| 170 | grant create user to xwiki -- Creation of a schema (ie user); | ||
| 171 | |||
| 172 | -- Subwiki deletion | ||
| 173 | grant drop user to xwiki -- Remove user; | ||
| 174 | |||
| 175 | -- Hibernate migrations (at startup and when creating new subwikis only) | ||
| 176 | -- Executed by the "xwiki" user which needs to be able to create tables, sequences, indexes in other user's namespace | ||
| 177 | grant create any table to xwiki; | ||
| 178 | grant drop any table to xwiki; | ||
| 179 | grant alter any table to xwiki; | ||
| 180 | grant create any index to xwiki; | ||
| 181 | grant alter any index to xwiki; | ||
| 182 | grant create any sequence to xwiki; | ||
| 183 | grant select any sequence to xwiki; | ||
| 184 | grant insert any table to xwiki; | ||
| 185 | grant update any table to xwiki; | ||
| 186 | grant delete any table to xwiki; | ||
| 187 | {{/code}} | ||
| 188 | |||
| 189 | {{version before="14.8RC1"}} | ||
| 190 | You also needed to give permissions to the new subwiki user to create objects (tables, indexes, etc). | ||
| 191 | |||
| 192 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 193 | grant resource to xwiki with admin option; | ||
| 194 | {{/code}} | ||
| 195 | {{/version}} | ||
| 196 | |||
| 197 | == Using scripts == | ||
| 198 | |||
| 199 | You may want to only give the more permissive rights ony when creating or deleting a subwiki or when upgrading an XWiki instance. If this is the case here are some scripts you could use. | ||
| 200 | |||
| 201 | * Script to run to set the rights to normal operations((( | ||
| 202 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 203 | -- Remove rights for subwiki creation/deletion or upgrades | ||
| 204 | revoke create user from xwiki; | ||
| 205 | revoke drop user from xwiki; | ||
| 206 | revoke drop any table from xwiki; | ||
| 207 | revoke alter any table from xwiki; | ||
| 208 | revoke create any index from xwiki; | ||
| 209 | revoke alter any index from xwiki; | ||
| 210 | revoke create any sequence from xwiki; | ||
| 211 | revoke select any sequence from xwiki; | ||
| 212 | revoke insert any table from xwiki; | ||
| 213 | revoke update any table from xwiki; | ||
| 214 | revoke delete any table from xwiki; | ||
| 215 | |||
| 216 | -- Common operations | ||
| 217 | grant create session to xwiki -- Login to DB; | ||
| 218 | grant resource to xwiki -- Create tables, sequences, etc; | ||
| 219 | grant select any table to xwiki; -- Needed to get XWiki DB versions for schema upgrade checks | ||
| 220 | {{/code}} | ||
| 221 | ))) | ||
| 222 | * Script to run prior to creating a new wiki. Once the wiki has been created, run the "Script to run to set the rights to normal operations" above((( | ||
| 223 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 224 | -- Subwiki creation | ||
| 225 | -- Note: creating a subwiki executes the migration step, see below | ||
| 226 | grant create user to xwiki -- Creation of a schema (ie user); | ||
| 227 | |||
| 228 | -- Hibernate migrations (at startup and when creating new subwikis only) | ||
| 229 | -- Executed by the "xwiki" user which needs to be able to create tables, sequences, indexes in other user's namespace | ||
| 230 | grant create any table to xwiki; | ||
| 231 | grant drop any table to xwiki; | ||
| 232 | grant alter any table to xwiki; | ||
| 233 | grant create any index to xwiki; | ||
| 234 | grant alter any index to xwiki; | ||
| 235 | grant create any sequence to xwiki; | ||
| 236 | grant select any sequence to xwiki; | ||
| 237 | grant insert any table to xwiki; | ||
| 238 | grant update any table to xwiki; | ||
| 239 | grant delete any table to xwiki; | ||
| 240 | {{/code}} | ||
| 241 | ))) | ||
| 242 | * Script to run prior to deleting a wiki. Once the wiki has been deleted, run the "Script to run to set the rights to normal operations" above((( | ||
| 243 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 244 | -- Subwiki deletion | ||
| 245 | grant drop user to xwiki -- Remove user; | ||
| 246 | {{/code}} | ||
| 247 | ))) | ||
| 248 | * Script to run prior to upgrading to new XWiki version (in case there are schema changes that require executing some SQL commands by XWiki). Once the wiki has been upgraded, run the "Script to run to set the rights to normal operations" above((( | ||
| 249 | {{code language='sql'}} | ||
| 250 | -- Hibernate migrations (at startup and when creating new subwikis only) | ||
| 251 | -- Executed by the "xwiki" user which needs to be able to create tables, sequences, indexes in other user's namespace | ||
| 252 | grant create any table to xwiki; | ||
| 253 | grant drop any table to xwiki; | ||
| 254 | grant alter any table to xwiki; | ||
| 255 | grant create any index to xwiki; | ||
| 256 | grant alter any index to xwiki; | ||
| 257 | grant create any sequence to xwiki; | ||
| 258 | grant select any sequence to xwiki; | ||
| 259 | grant insert any table to xwiki; | ||
| 260 | grant update any table to xwiki; | ||
| 261 | grant delete any table to xwiki; | ||
| 262 | {{/code}} | ||
| 263 | ))) | ||
| 264 | |||
| 265 | = Oracle Wallet == | ||
| 266 | |||
| 267 | If you consider that the ##hibernate.cfg.xml## file is not secure and you wish to not have credentials stored in plain text, you can use [[Oracle Wallet>>https://docs.oracle.com/middleware/1213/wls/JDBCA/oraclewallet.htm#JDBCA598]]. | ||
| 268 | |||
| 269 | Follow these steps: | ||
| 270 | * On the machine having the Oracle DB installed, create a Wallet using {{code language="shell"}}mkstore -wrl <wallet_location> -create{{/code}} | ||
| 271 | * Then add the database credentials to the Wallet: {{code language="shell"}}mkstore -wrl <wallet_location> -createCredential <db_connect_string> <username> <password>{{/code}} (for example: ##mkstore -wrl <wallet_location> -createCredential "localhost:1521/xwiki" xwiki xwiki##. Of course you should use a better password for the xwiki user) | ||
| 272 | * Copy the ##cwallet.sso## and ##ewallet.p12## files to the machine where XWiki is started. Make sure you place them in a secure directory. Let's call it ##WALLETLOCALDIR##. | ||
| 273 | * Download the [[full Oracle JDBC zip>>https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/appdev/jdbc-downloads.html]], unzip and copy ##oraclepki.jar##, ##osdt_cert.jar## and ##osdt_core.jar## files to XWiki's ##WEB-INF/lib/## directory. | ||
| 274 | * Edit the XWiki ##hibernate.cfg.xml## file and edit the connection URL for Oracle (notice the ##/## before the ##@## symbol): {{code language="xml"}}<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:/@localhost:1521:xwiki</property>{{/code}} | ||
| 275 | * Modify the way you start XWiki to pass the following system property: {{code language="non"}}-Doracle.net.wallet_location=<WALLETLOCALDIR>{{/code}} | ||
| 276 | |||
| 277 | = Troubleshooting = | ||
| 278 | |||
| 279 | == ORA-01400: cannot insert NULL into ("XWIKI"."XWIKILARGESTRINGS"."XWL_ID") == | ||
| 280 | |||
| 281 | This error can appear if you're using Oracle JDBC driver 10.2.0.1.0. The solution is to use version 10.2.0.2 or greater of the driver. | ||
| 282 | |||
| 283 | == SetString can only process strings of less than 32766 chararacters == | ||
| 284 | |||
| 285 | If you see an error that says something like this: | ||
| 286 | |||
| 287 | {{code}} | ||
| 288 | Error number 3201 in 3: Exception while saving document XWiki.XWikiPreferences | ||
| 289 | Wrapped Exception: could not update: [com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocumentArchive#104408758] | ||
| 290 | com.xpn.xwiki.XWikiException: Error number 3201 in 3: Exception while saving document XWiki.XWikiPreferences | ||
| 291 | Wrapped Exception: could not update: [com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocumentArchive#104408758] | ||
| 292 | ... | ||
| 293 | Wrapped Exception: | ||
| 294 | |||
| 295 | java.sql.SQLException: setString can only process strings of less than 32766 chararacters | ||
| 296 | ... | ||
| 297 | {{/code}} | ||
| 298 | |||
| 299 | Then that's because Oracle has a limitation of 32K for CLOBs. To overcome it you need to add the following 2 properties in the ##hibernate.cfg.xml## file, as specified in the installation steps section above: | ||
| 300 | |||
| 301 | {{code}} | ||
| 302 | <property name="hibernate.connection.SetBigStringTryClob">true</property> | ||
| 303 | <property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</property> | ||
| 304 | {{/code}} | ||
| 305 | |||
| 306 | == NullPointerException at HqlSqlWalker == | ||
| 307 | |||
| 308 | This is actually caused by a wrong Oracle ##ojdbc## JAR being used. There are different JARs for every different minor version of Oracle. For example if you use the JDBC connector for Oracle 11g version 11.2.0.4.0 and your Oracle db version is 11.2.0.1.0 then you'll have the problem. | ||
| 309 | |||
| 310 | == Errors due to missing RAM == | ||
| 311 | |||
| 312 | If you see one of the following errors in the XWiki logs, it may simply be that you don't allocate enough RAM to Oracle. This is especially true if you're running it in a VM or in a Docker Container. For example we know that 2GB is not enough for Oracle and 2.5GB+ is ok. | ||
| 313 | |||
| 314 | {{code language="none"}} | ||
| 315 | SQL Error: 0, SQLState: null | ||
| 316 | Cannot get a connection, pool error Timeout waiting for idle object | ||
| 317 | ORA-12519, TNS:no appropriate service handler found | ||
| 318 | ORA-01435: user does not exist | ||
| 319 | {{/code}} | ||
| 320 | |||
| 321 | Note that it's possible to have these errors for other reasons too but you should at least check that the RAM is enough. |
