PostgreSQL Installation (XWiki.org)

* Download the appropriate [[Postgres JDBC41 driver>>http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html]]. You can also download it directly from the [[Maven Central Repository>>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/postgresql/postgresql/]] and copy the JAR into your container's common lib directory or in the XWiki webapp (in ##WEB-INF/lib##)

18

* Start PostgreSQL

19

** On Mac you could issue the following shell commands to start/stop PostgreSQL 9.1 (adapt to your version and to your setup):(((

20

21

sudo -u postgres /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_ctl start -D /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/data

22

sudo -u postgres /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_ctl stop -D /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/data

23

24

)))

25

* Create the ##xwiki## user and the ##xwiki## database:(((

26

* Using the ##psql## tool:(((

27

In a shell, start the PostgreSQL interactive terminal: {{code}}psql -U <replace_with_your_admin_user_eg_postgres>{{/code}}

28

29

Create the ##xwiki## database:

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31

32

CREATE DATABASE xwiki

33

WITH OWNER = <replace_with_your_admin_user_eg_postgres>

34

ENCODING = 'UNICODE'

35

TABLESPACE = pg_default;

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37

38

Verify that the ##xwiki## database is listed in the available databases: {{code}}\l{{/code}}

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40

Connect to the ##xwiki## database: {{code}}\connect xwiki{{/code}}

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42

Create a ##xwiki## user: {{code language="none"}}CREATE USER xwiki PASSWORD 'xwiki' VALID UNTIL 'infinity';{{/code}}

43

44

Verify that the ##xwiki## user is listed in the available users: {{code language="none"}}\du{{/code}}

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46

Give all the permissions to the ##xwiki## user: {{code}}GRANT ALL ON SCHEMA public TO xwiki;{{/code}}

47

)))

48

* Using the ##createuser## and ##createdb## programs:(((

49

50

Make sure that the ##createuser## and ##createdb## programs are in your ##$PATH##. The example below also assumes that the ##postgres## user exists in your setup (this is the default on Linux).

51

52

53

Create the ##xwiki## user: {{code}}createuser xwiki -S -D -R -P -Upostgres{{/code}}

54

55

Create the ##xwiki## database: {{code}}createdb xwiki -Eunicode -Oxwiki -Upostgres{{/code}}

56

57

Note that if you need to remove this DB at some point you can issue:{{code}}dropdb -Upostgres xwiki{{/code}}

58

)))

59

)))

60

* Tell XWiki to use this database. To do this, edit the ##WEB-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml## file where you have expanded the XWiki WAR file and uncomment the PostgreSQL part. Make sure to review the ##connection.url## property. For example a typical value would be:{{code}}<property name="connection.url">jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/xwiki</property>{{/code}}

== Using Docker ==

* Install Docker

* Run the following command (update to your needs):(((

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67

docker run --name pgtest -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=xwiki -e POSTGRES_ROOT_PASSWORD=xwiki -e POSTGRES_USER=xwiki -e POSTGRES_DB=xwiki -e POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS="--encoding=UTF8" -v postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data -p 5432:5432 postgres:9.5

68

69

)))

70

* Download the appropriate [[Postgres JDBC41 driver>>http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html]]. You can also download it directly from the [[Maven Central Repository>>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/postgresql/postgresql/]] and copy the JAR into your container's common lib directory or in the XWiki webapp (in ##WEB-INF/lib##)

71

* Tell XWiki to use this database. To do this, edit the ##WEB-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml## file where you have expanded the XWiki WAR file and uncomment the PostgreSQL part. Make sure to review the ##connection.url## property. For example a typical value would be:{{code}}<property name="connection.url">jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/xwiki</property>{{/code}}

= Multiwiki Status =

Prior to XWiki 4.5M1, multiwiki mode was not fully working on PostgreSQL. Since XWiki 4.5M1, we've made it work in ##schema## mode (i.e. a subwiki is represented as a Schema in the database). However it's not working in ##database## mode for the moment (i.e. a subwiki is represented as a Catalog in the database) because the PostGreSQL JDBC Driver doesn't support yet the ##setCatalog## method.

76

77

The mode used is controlled by a property in ##hibernate.cfg.xml##:

78

79

80

<property name="xwiki.virtual_mode">schema|database</property>

81

82

83

= Performance Tuning =

84

85

In several cases, for example when rolling back a document to a previous version, your postgres log will show something similar:

86

87

88

2013-04-03 18:44:36 EEST LOG: checkpoints are occurring too frequently (22 seconds apart)

89

2013-04-03 18:44:36 EEST HINT: Consider increasing the configuration parameter "checkpoint_segments".

90

2013-04-03 18:46:05 EEST LOG: checkpoints are occurring too frequently (6 seconds apart)

91

2013-04-03 18:46:05 EEST HINT: Consider increasing the configuration parameter "checkpoint_segments".

This can result in slow DB performance. If using a production environment, you must set the "checkpoint_segments" parameter from your PostgreSQL configuration.

96

More links related to this:

97

98

* http://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Tuning_Your_PostgreSQL_Server

99

* http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS

= Troubleshooting =

== Method org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Connection.isValid(int) is not yet implemented ==

104

105

Versions of the Postgres JDBC driver older than 9.2 do not support that method. Try to update the ##postgresql-*.jar##

106

107

* if installed from debian package, try to update at least to the version from jessy

108

** for example download from https://packages.debian.org/jessie/all/libpostgresql-jdbc-java/download

109

** then use ##dpkg ~-~-install libpostgresql-jdbc-java_9.2-1002-1_all.deb## to install\\

110

* alternatively if you use tomcat8, try downgrading to tomcat7

111

* otherwise find the ##postgresql-*.jar## in your webapp and replace it by a newer version downloaded from https://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html

112

113

Restart the server to apply the changes.

114

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== Relation "hibernate_sequence" already exists ==

116

117

If you see this error in your postgres logs, you should know that it's normal and expected. Because of a [[bug in Hibernate>>https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/blob/1d8e1172757a75cda44398820505dacf384e0a56/xwiki-platform-core/xwiki-platform-oldcore/src/main/java/com/xpn/xwiki/store/XWikiHibernateBaseStore.java#L576-L576]] we need to create this sequence if it doesn't exist and it's [[hard to check that in a DB-independent way>>https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-14055]]. Thus we simply create the sequence and if it already exists you get this error at startup in your logs.

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author	version	line-number	content
		1	{{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="Contents"}}
		2	{{toc/}}
		3	{{/box}}
		4
		5	= Installation =
		6
		7	You have 2 options:
		8
		9	* Install PostgreSQL on your machine manually
		10	* Use the official PostgreSQL docker image
		11
		12	== Manual Installation ==
		13
		14	Follow these instructions:
		15
		16	* Download and install [[PostgreSQL>>http://www.postgresql.org/]]
		17	* Download the appropriate [[Postgres JDBC41 driver>>http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html]]. You can also download it directly from the [[Maven Central Repository>>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/postgresql/postgresql/]] and copy the JAR into your container's common lib directory or in the XWiki webapp (in ##WEB-INF/lib##)
		18	* Start PostgreSQL
		19	** On Mac you could issue the following shell commands to start/stop PostgreSQL 9.1 (adapt to your version and to your setup):(((
		20	{{code}}
		21	sudo -u postgres /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_ctl start -D /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/data
		22	sudo -u postgres /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_ctl stop -D /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/data
		23	{{/code}}
		24	)))
		25	* Create the ##xwiki## user and the ##xwiki## database:(((
		26	* Using the ##psql## tool:(((
		27	In a shell, start the PostgreSQL interactive terminal: {{code}}psql -U <replace_with_your_admin_user_eg_postgres>{{/code}}
		28
		29	Create the ##xwiki## database:
		30
		31	{{code language="none"}}
		32	CREATE DATABASE xwiki
		33	WITH OWNER = <replace_with_your_admin_user_eg_postgres>
		34	ENCODING = 'UNICODE'
		35	TABLESPACE = pg_default;
		36	{{/code}}
		37
		38	Verify that the ##xwiki## database is listed in the available databases: {{code}}\l{{/code}}
		39
		40	Connect to the ##xwiki## database: {{code}}\connect xwiki{{/code}}
		41
		42	Create a ##xwiki## user: {{code language="none"}}CREATE USER xwiki PASSWORD 'xwiki' VALID UNTIL 'infinity';{{/code}}
		43
		44	Verify that the ##xwiki## user is listed in the available users: {{code language="none"}}\du{{/code}}
		45
		46	Give all the permissions to the ##xwiki## user: {{code}}GRANT ALL ON SCHEMA public TO xwiki;{{/code}}
		47	)))
		48	* Using the ##createuser## and ##createdb## programs:(((
		49	{{info}}
		50	Make sure that the ##createuser## and ##createdb## programs are in your ##$PATH##. The example below also assumes that the ##postgres## user exists in your setup (this is the default on Linux).
		51	{{/info}}
		52
		53	Create the ##xwiki## user: {{code}}createuser xwiki -S -D -R -P -Upostgres{{/code}}
		54
		55	Create the ##xwiki## database: {{code}}createdb xwiki -Eunicode -Oxwiki -Upostgres{{/code}}
		56
		57	Note that if you need to remove this DB at some point you can issue:{{code}}dropdb -Upostgres xwiki{{/code}}
		58	)))
		59	)))
		60	* Tell XWiki to use this database. To do this, edit the ##WEB-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml## file where you have expanded the XWiki WAR file and uncomment the PostgreSQL part. Make sure to review the ##connection.url## property. For example a typical value would be:{{code}}<property name="connection.url">jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/xwiki</property>{{/code}}
		61
		62	== Using Docker ==
		63
		64	* Install Docker
		65	* Run the following command (update to your needs):(((
		66	{{code language="bash"}}
		67	docker run --name pgtest -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=xwiki -e POSTGRES_ROOT_PASSWORD=xwiki -e POSTGRES_USER=xwiki -e POSTGRES_DB=xwiki -e POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS="--encoding=UTF8" -v postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data -p 5432:5432 postgres:9.5
		68	{{/code}}
		69	)))
		70	* Download the appropriate [[Postgres JDBC41 driver>>http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html]]. You can also download it directly from the [[Maven Central Repository>>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/postgresql/postgresql/]] and copy the JAR into your container's common lib directory or in the XWiki webapp (in ##WEB-INF/lib##)
		71	* Tell XWiki to use this database. To do this, edit the ##WEB-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml## file where you have expanded the XWiki WAR file and uncomment the PostgreSQL part. Make sure to review the ##connection.url## property. For example a typical value would be:{{code}}<property name="connection.url">jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/xwiki</property>{{/code}}
		72
		73	= Multiwiki Status =
		74
		75	Prior to XWiki 4.5M1, multiwiki mode was not fully working on PostgreSQL. Since XWiki 4.5M1, we've made it work in ##schema## mode (i.e. a subwiki is represented as a Schema in the database). However it's not working in ##database## mode for the moment (i.e. a subwiki is represented as a Catalog in the database) because the PostGreSQL JDBC Driver doesn't support yet the ##setCatalog## method.
		76
		77	The mode used is controlled by a property in ##hibernate.cfg.xml##:
		78
		79	{{code}}
		80	<property name="xwiki.virtual_mode">schema\|database</property>
		81	{{/code}}
		82
		83	= Performance Tuning =
		84
		85	In several cases, for example when rolling back a document to a previous version, your postgres log will show something similar:
		86
		87	{{code}}
		88	2013-04-03 18:44:36 EEST LOG: checkpoints are occurring too frequently (22 seconds apart)
		89	2013-04-03 18:44:36 EEST HINT: Consider increasing the configuration parameter "checkpoint_segments".
		90	2013-04-03 18:46:05 EEST LOG: checkpoints are occurring too frequently (6 seconds apart)
		91	2013-04-03 18:46:05 EEST HINT: Consider increasing the configuration parameter "checkpoint_segments".
		92
		93	{{/code}}
		94
		95	This can result in slow DB performance. If using a production environment, you must set the "checkpoint_segments" parameter from your PostgreSQL configuration.
		96	More links related to this:
		97
		98	* http://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Tuning_Your_PostgreSQL_Server
		99	* http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS
		100
		101	= Troubleshooting =
		102
		103	== Method org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Connection.isValid(int) is not yet implemented ==
		104
		105	Versions of the Postgres JDBC driver older than 9.2 do not support that method. Try to update the ##postgresql-*.jar##
		106
		107	* if installed from debian package, try to update at least to the version from jessy
		108	** for example download from https://packages.debian.org/jessie/all/libpostgresql-jdbc-java/download
		109	** then use ##dpkg ~-~-install libpostgresql-jdbc-java_9.2-1002-1_all.deb## to install\\
		110	* alternatively if you use tomcat8, try downgrading to tomcat7
		111	* otherwise find the ##postgresql-*.jar## in your webapp and replace it by a newer version downloaded from https://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html
		112
		113	Restart the server to apply the changes.
		114
		115	== Relation "hibernate_sequence" already exists ==
		116
		117	If you see this error in your postgres logs, you should know that it's normal and expected. Because of a [[bug in Hibernate>>https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/blob/1d8e1172757a75cda44398820505dacf384e0a56/xwiki-platform-core/xwiki-platform-oldcore/src/main/java/com/xpn/xwiki/store/XWikiHibernateBaseStore.java#L576-L576]] we need to create this sequence if it doesn't exist and it's [[hard to check that in a DB-independent way>>https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-14055]]. Thus we simply create the sequence and if it already exists you get this error at startup in your logs.