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Wiki source code of Performance

Version 49.1 by Vincent Massol on 2015/03/18
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1 {{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}}
2 {{toc/}}
3 {{/box}}
4
5 Here are some tips to increase XWiki's performance.
6
7 = Clustering =
8
9 If you need high availability or if the load on your XWiki instance is too high you can [[configure XWiki in a cluster>>platform:AdminGuide.Clustering]] to spread the load.
10
11 = Standalone Solr =
12
13 By default XWiki ships with an embedded Solr. If you have a lot of wiki pages (for example in a wiki farm with lots of subwikis), the embedded Solr may use up too much memory and CPU and in this case it's a good idea to externalize Solr on a different server. To do so:
14 * [[Download and install Solr>>https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/solr/Installing+Solr]]
15 * [[Configure XWiki to use an external Solr instance>>extensions:Extension.Solr Search API||anchor="HConfiguration"]]
16
17 = Slow random number generation on UNIX =
18
19 The library used for random number generation in Sun's JVM relies on ##/dev/random## by default for UNIX platforms.
20
21 Although ##/dev/random## is more secure, it's possible to use ##/dev/urandom## if the default JVM configuration instead.
22
23 To determine if your operating system exhibits this behavior, try displaying a portion of the file from a shell prompt:
24
25 {{code language="bash"}}
26 head -n 1 /dev/random
27 {{/code}}
28
29 If the command returns immediately, you can use ##/dev/random## as the default generator for SUN's JVM. If the command does not return immediately, use these steps to configure the JVM to use ##/dev/urandom##:
30
31 1. Open the ##$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/java.security## file in a text editor.
32 1. Change the line:
33 {{code language="properties"}}
34 securerandom.source=file:/dev/random
35 {{/code}}
36 to read:
37 {{code language="properties"}}
38 securerandom.source=file:/dev/urandom
39 {{/code}}
40 1. Save your change and exit the text editor.
41
42 = Gzip compression and caching of static pages =
43
44 We're working on making these features part of the XWiki core (see [[XWIKI-2022>>http://jira.xwiki.org/jira/browse/XWIKI-2022]]). While waiting for this to be natively implemented, the recommended solution is to set up an Apache Web Server in front of your servlet container and install/configure the following modules:
45
46 * [[mod-deflate>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_deflate.html]]
47 * [[mod-expire>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_expires.html]]
48 * [[mod-proxy-ajp>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html]] (note that this depends on [[mod-proxy>>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html]] that you also need to install)
49
50 Modify your Apache configuration file to load the different modules:
51
52 {{code language="none"}}
53 LoadModule expires_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_expires.so
54 LoadModule deflate_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_deflate.so
55 LoadModule proxy_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy.so
56 # Depends: proxy
57 LoadModule proxy_ajp_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
58 {{/code}}
59
60 //Alternatively you can run the following commands as root (sudo)//
61
62 {{code language="bash"}}
63 a2enmod deflate
64 a2enmod proxy_ajp
65 a2enmod expires
66 {{/code}}
67
68 and configure your different modules as described below:
69
70 == Mod Deflate Configuration ==
71
72 {{code language="none"}}
73 vwwwpro-1:~# cat /etc/apache2/conf.d/deflate
74 <Location />
75 # Insert filter
76 SetOutputFilter DEFLATE
77
78 # Netscape 4.x has some problems...
79 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html
80
81 # Netscape 4.06-4.08 have some more problems
82 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4.0[678] no-gzip
83
84 # MSIE masquerades as Netscape, but it is fine
85 # BrowserMatch bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html
86
87 # NOTE: Due to a bug in mod_setenvif up to Apache 2.0.48
88 # the above regex won't work. You can use the following
89 # workaround to get the desired effect:
90 BrowserMatch bMSI[E] !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html
91
92 # Don't compress images
93 SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI .(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ no-gzip dont-vary
94
95 # Make sure proxies don't deliver the wrong content
96 #Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary
97 </Location>
98 {{/code}}
99
100 //On debian apache2 the config file for deflate is located under /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/deflate.conf//
101
102 == Mod Expire Configuration ==
103
104 {{code language="none"}}
105 vwwwpro-1:~# cat /etc/apache2/conf.d/expires
106 <Location /xwiki/skins/>
107 ExpiresActive on
108 ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 day"
109 </Location>
110
111 <Location /xwiki/bin/skin/>
112 ExpiresActive on
113 ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 day"
114 </Location>
115 {{/code}}
116
117 == Mod Proxy AJP Configuration ==
118
119 {{code language="none"}}
120 ProxyRequests Off
121 <Proxy *>
122 Order deny,allow
123 Allow from all
124 </Proxy>
125 ProxyPreserveHost On
126 ProxyPass /xwiki ajp://192.168.1.181:8009/xwiki
127 {{/code}}
128
129 where ##ajp:~/~/192.168.1.181:8009/xwiki## is the internal address of your Servlet container where XWiki is running.
130
131 If you use Tomcat(7) you need to enable the ajp connector in the /etc/tomcat7/server.xml. Comment out the following line with adding {{code}}<!-- -->{{/code}}. //Maybe give a comment why you did it.//
132
133 {{code}}
134 <!-- disable to use ajp connector instead
135 <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
136 connectionTimeout="20000"
137 URIEncoding="UTF-8"
138 redirectPort="8443" />
139 -->
140 {{/code}}
141
142 Uncomment the following line by removing the {{code}}<!-- -->{{/code}} and add {{code}}URIEncoding="UTF-8"{{/code}} to it.Maybe give a comment too.
143
144 {{code}}
145 <!-- Activate ajp connector for apache proxy_ajp -->
146 <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
147 {{/code}}
148
149 = Memory =
150
151 You need to configure your Servlet container so that XWiki has enough memory. You'll need to tune the value to your need. You should check the logs and see if there are any "out of memory" errors. Here are some good default values:
152
153 * Small installs: A minimum of 300MB of heap memory and 196MB of permGen (##-Xmx300m -XX:MaxPermSize=196m##)
154 * Medium installs: 512MB for the heap and 196MB of permGen (##-Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=196m##)
155 * Large installs: 800MB for the heap and 196MB of permGen (##-Xmx800m -XX:MaxPermSize=196m##). Try not to ge beyond 1024MB since adding more memory means more GC time and thus lower performance.
156
157 {{warning}}
158 Note that storing attachments with the default (in database) storage mechanism is very memory intensive. See the [[administrators guide to attachments>>platform:AdminGuide.Attachments]] for more information about memory cost and the alternative filesystem based attachment store.
159
160 Also note that uploading a lot of pages can trigger out of memory (OOM) errors due to scheduled watchlist jobs. For example uploading 1 million pages will trigger OOM errors even when the JVM is configured to run with 2GB of heap space. For such kind of load we recommend to disable (unschedule) the Watchlist jobs (in ##/xwiki/bin/view/Scheduler/##) before uploading the pages.
161 {{/warning}}
162
163 For your information here are the values used for the xwiki.org site:
164
165 {{code}}
166 CATALINA_OPTS="-server -Xms800m -Xmx800m -XX:MaxPermSize=196m -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=100"
167 {{/code}}
168
169 = Database Indexes =
170
171 Make sure you've set [[Database indexes>>Database Administration]]. This is especially important when you start having lots of documents.
172
173 = Panels =
174
175 Some panels take more resources than others. For example the Navigation panel should NOT be used for wikis with a lot of documents since it displays all documents in the wiki. In the future that panel should be improved for performance but that's not the case right now. Originally this panel was only meant as a starting point. A better approach is to use a "Quick Links Panel" as we've now set up in the default XWiki Enterprise wiki version 1.1 (we've removed the default usage of the Navigation Panel in that version).
176
177 = Robots.txt =
178
179 If your wiki is open on the Internet, it'll be crawled by search robots (like GoogleBot, etc). They will call all the URLs and especially the ones that are resource hungry like exports (PDF/RTF). You need to protect against this. To do so configure a ##robots.txt## file like this one and put it in your webserver configuration:
180
181 {{code language="none"}}
182 User-agent: *
183 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/attach/
184 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/cancel/
185 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/commentadd/
186 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/delattachment/
187 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/delete/
188 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/dot/
189 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/download/
190 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/downloadrev/
191 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/edit/
192 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/export/
193 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/get/
194 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/inline/
195 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/lifeblog/
196 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/login/
197 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/loginerror/
198 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/logout/
199 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/objectremove/
200 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/pdf/
201 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/preview/
202 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/propadd/
203 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/propdelete/
204 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/propupdate/
205 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/register/
206 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/save/
207 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/skin/
208 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/status/
209 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/upload/
210 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/viewattachrev/
211 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/viewrev/
212 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/xmlrpc/
213 # It could be also usefull to block certain spaces from crawling,
214 # especially if this spaces doesn't provide new content
215 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/view/Main/
216 Disallow: /xwiki/bin/view/XWiki/
217 # on the other hand you would like to have your recent (public) changes included
218 Allow: /xwiki/bin/view/Main/Dashboard
219 {{/code}}
220
221
222 **Note:**
223
224 For Tomcat6 the placement of the ##robots.txt## file should be within the //$TOMCAT/webapps/ROOT// folder and should have permission 644 applied.
225
226 {{code}}
227 -rw-r--r-- 1 root www 1478 Jan 8 15:52 robots.txt
228 {{/code}}
229
230 In order to test if the ##robots.txt## file is either accessable or working as desired use this [[checker>>http://www.frobee.com/robots-txt-check]].
231
232 = Statistics =
233
234 {{info}}
235 This is no longer true starting with XE 1.4M2 since statistics are now put on a queue and written in a different thread in the database in one go, thus reducing the overhead to a maximum.
236 {{/info}}
237
238 The statistics module is off by default since it's quite database intensive. If you don't need it you should turn it off.
239
240 = Monitoring =
241
242 More a developer-oriented feature, XWiki can monitor its own code, reporting the time spent for each sub-component activated during a request. While the monitoring code isn't time consuming, it increases the memory consumption a bit, and the create/start/stop/log/destroy calls are spread all around the code, so you will save a lot of method calls by disabling this. You can do that by setting the following line in ##xwiki.cfg##:
243
244 {{code language="null"}}
245 xwiki.monitor=0
246 {{/code}}
247
248 = Cache sizes =
249
250 Tune the document cache in ##xwiki.cfg##. The value depends on how much memory you have. The higher the better. A good reasonable value is 1000.
251
252 {{code language="none"}}
253 xwiki.store.cache.capacity=1000
254 {{/code}}
255
256 = Cache Macro =
257
258 It's possible to perform selective content caching by using the [[Cache Macro>>extensions:Extension.Cache Macro]].
259
260 = Rendering cache =
261
262 Some pages are complex to render (they may aggregate outside data for example or do complex and slow queries). For theses pages you can use rendering cache.
263
264 == Configuration based ==
265
266 Pages can be cached (i.e. their rendered content cached) to speed up displaying. The configuration is done in ##xwiki.properties## with the following configuration options:
267
268 {{code language="none"}}
269 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
270 #-# Indicate if the rendering cache is enabled.
271 #-# Default value is false.
272 # core.renderingcache.enabled=true
273
274 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
275 #-# A list of Java regex patterns matching full documents reference.
276 # core.renderingcache.documents=wiki:Space\.Page
277 # core.renderingcache.documents=wiki:Space\..*
278
279 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
280 #-# The time (in seconds) after which data should be removed from the cache when not used.
281 #-# Default value is 300 (5 min).
282 # core.renderingcache.duration=300
283
284 #-# [Since 2.4M1]
285 #-# The size of the rendering cache. Not that it's not the number of cached documents but the number of cached results.
286 #-# (For a single document several cache entries are created, because each action, language and request query string
287 #-# produces a unique rendering result)
288 #-# Default value is 100.
289 # core.renderingcache.size=100
290 {{/code}}
291
292 You can force a page to refresh using ##refresh=1## in the URL.
293
294 Since 6.2 it's also possible to programmatically refresh any document cache using ##com.xpn.xwiki.internal.cache.rendering.RenderingCache## component:
295
296 {{code language="java"}}
297 @Inject
298 private RenderingCache renderingCache;
299
300 ...
301
302 renderingCache.flushWholeCache();
303 renderingCache.flushCache(new DocumentReference("xwiki", "MySpace", "MyCachedDocument"));
304 {{/code}}
305
306 == Enabled using velocity in document content itself (XWiki 1.0 syntax only) ==
307
308 You can add the following to their content to cache them after they are rendered. Note that the document is refreshed whenever the content of the document changes, and the cache takes into account the URL, so it is pretty safe to add a long cache duration for all documents that don't contain scripts gathering data from the wiki. For example to cache the rendered content for 60 seconds you would add:
309
310 {{code language="none"}}
311 $context.setCacheDuration(60)
312 {{/code}}
313
314 Since 1.5M2, you can set the default rendering cache duration for all pages in ##xwiki.cfg##:
315
316 {{code language="none"}}
317 ## cache all rendered documents for one hour
318 xwiki.rendering.defaultCacheDuration=3600
319 {{/code}}
320
321 Setting the default cache duration to a large value, and manually disabling the cache in dynamic pages would really speed up the wiki, since the rendering is one of the most time consuming processes.
322
323 = Merge the CSS files =
324
325 In order to reduce the number of requests and files that are downloaded from the browser or client, it could help to merge all XWiki CSS files into a single one. See the [[Merge CSS Script>>extensions:Extension.Merge CSS]].
326
327 = Set up NginX =
328
329 If you experience //__heavy loads__// on your wiki, you could try using NginX.
330
331 NginX is used to fetch static content: images, javascript, styles, etc, but it can also be used as a reverse-proxy to pass requests down to the web container (e.g. Tomcat on port 8080).
332
333 Unlike Apache, which instantiates a new process per every static file, NginX uses the same process to fetch all the static data, and thus gives you extra perfomance "for free".
334
335 For more info on setting up NginX check [[this guide>>NginX]].
336
337 = Backlinks =
338
339 While a pretty neat feature, keeping track of the backlinks has a medium impact on the document saving time and a minor impact on the document loading time. If you feel that your wiki does not need backlinks, you can safely disable them with the following line in ##xwiki.cfg##:
340
341 {{code language="none"}}
342 xwiki.backlinks=0
343 {{/code}}
344
345 = Versioning =
346
347 One of the key features of any wiki system, versioning greatly affects the database size and the document update time. If you are sure your wiki does not need to keep track of all the changes and you will never need to revert documents to a previous version, then you can add the following line in ##xwiki.cfg##:
348
349 {{code language="none"}}
350 xwiki.store.versioning=0
351 {{/code}}
352
353 = Custom Mapping =
354
355 In some cases you may not want to rely on XWiki's generic database schema for storing XClass data and instead you'd like to provide your own optimized table. For these use cases you can use [[Custom Mapping>>platform:DevGuide.CustomMapping]].
356
357 = Wiki syntax features for XWiki Syntax 1.0 =
358
359 If you're using XWiki Syntax 1.0 and if you don't plan to use all of the markup features, like the strikethrough filter, the automatic http links filter, the SVG, Laszlo or style macros, you can disable them in ##xwiki-core-*.jar/META-INF/services/com.xpn.xwiki.render.*##. The wiki rendering is the most costly operation in the rendering process, so any disabled feature counts.
360
361 Now this will have no effect if you're using another syntax, like XWiki Syntax 2.x.

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